State and Territory Profile
STATE/TERRITORY PROFILE - TEXAS
This profile highlights a current innovative effort to promote a subsidy system that is child-focused, family friendly, and fair to providers. It also provides demographic information, Early Care and Education (ECE) program participation and funding, subsidy innovation and program integrity information, program quality improvement activities, and professional development and workforce initiatives. Sources and links are provided at the end of the document.
Demographics
Source(s): U.S. Census Bureau. (2021). In American Community Survey. Single Years of Age and Sex. Retrieved from U.S. Census Bureau: https://data.census.gov/table?q=ACS +Survey+&g=0100000US$0400000&tid=ACSDP1Y2021.DP05
Source(s): U.S. Census Bureau. (2022). In American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates, 2021. B17024: Age By Ratio Of Income To Poverty Level In The Past 12 Months - Universe: Population for whom poverty status is determined. https://data.census.gov/table?q=B17024&tid=ACSDT1Y2021.B17024
Below 100% of Poverty | Below 185% of Poverty | |
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20.72% | 39.95% |
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19.04% | 37.99% |
Source(s): U.S. Census Bureau. (2022). In American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates, 2021. C23008 Age of own Children under 18 Years in Families and Subfamilies by Living Arrangements by Employment Status of Parents: Universe: Own children under 18 years in families and subfamilies.
https://data.census.gov/table?q=C23008&tid=ACSDT1Y2021.C23008
https://data.census.gov/table?q=C23008&tid=ACSDT1Y2021.C23008
ECE Program Participation and Funding
Percentage and Number of Children/Families Served
Source(s): U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Child Care. (2022). FFY 2020 CCDF data tables [Preliminary estimates]. Table 9 Average Monthly Percentages of Children In Care By Age Group https://www.acf.hhs.gov/occ/data/fy-2020-preliminary-data-table-9
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Child Care. (2022). FFY 2020 CCDF data tables [Preliminary estimates].Table 1 Average Monthly Adjusted Number of Families and Children Served.
https://www.acf.hhs.gov/occ/data/fy-2020-preliminary-data-table-1
https://www.acf.hhs.gov/occ/data/fy-2020-preliminary-data-table-1
Average Monthly Percentages of Children Served in All Types of Care
Source(s): U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Child Care. (2022). FFY 2020 CCDF data tables [Preliminary estimates]. Table 6 Average Monthly
https://www.acf.hhs.gov/occ/data/fy-2020-preliminary-data-table-6
https://www.acf.hhs.gov/occ/data/fy-2020-preliminary-data-table-6
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$1,151,028,721 |
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$822,208,258 |
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$176,014,311 |
Source(s): U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Child Care. (2023). CCDF Expenditures for FY 2021 (all appropriation years). Table 4a: All expenditures by State- Categorical Summary. https://www.acf.hhs.gov/occ/data/table-4a-all-expenditures-state-categorical-summary-fy-2021
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Child Care. (2023). CCDF Expenditures for FY 2020 (all appropriation years). Table 3a - All Expenditures by State – Detailed Summary. https://www.acf.hhs.gov/occ/data/table-3a-all-expenditures-state-detailed-summary-fy-2020
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Child Care. (2023). CCDF Expenditures for FY 2020 (all appropriation years). Table 3a - All Expenditures by State – Detailed Summary. https://www.acf.hhs.gov/occ/data/table-3a-all-expenditures-state-detailed-summary-fy-2020
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$125,821,908 |
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$125,821,908 |
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Not available |
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Not available |
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Not available |
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Not available |
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$0 |
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$0 |
Source(s): U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Family Assistance. (2021). Fiscal Year 2021 TANF Financial Data. https://www.acf.hhs.gov/ofa/data/tanf-financial-data-fy-2021
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$268,012 |
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459,230 |
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No |
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No |
Source(s): Internal Revenue Service. (2022). SOI Tax Stats - Historic Table 2, Tax Year 2020. http://www.irs.gov/uac/SOI-Tax-Stats-Historic-Table-2
National Women’s Law Center. (2023). States Can Make Care Less Taxing: Tax Credits Related to Child Care, Tax Year 2022. https://nwlc.org/resource/states-can-make-care-less-taxing-tax-credits-related-to-child-care-tax-year-2022/
National Women’s Law Center. (2023). States Can Make Care Less Taxing: Tax Credits Related to Child Care, Tax Year 2022. https://nwlc.org/resource/states-can-make-care-less-taxing-tax-credits-related-to-child-care-tax-year-2022/
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$428,692,442 |
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3,935 |
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6,873 |
Source(s): Food Research and Action Center. (2020). State of the States: Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP) in FY 2019. http://www.frac.org/maps/sos/tables/sos_tab_cacfp.html
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$493,544,308 |
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Not available |
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54,850 |
Source(s): National Institute for Early Education Research. (2022). The 2021 state of preschool yearbook. https://nieer.org/state-preschool-yearbooks-yearbook2021
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$24,697,406 |
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29,975 |
Source(s): U.S. Department of Education. (2023). Fiscal Years 2022-2024 State Tables for the U.S. Department of Education. https://www2.ed.gov/about/overview/budget/statetables/index.html
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$47,038,071 |
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29,625 |
Source(s): U.S. Department of Education. (2023). Fiscal Years 2022-2024 State Tables for the U.S. Department of Education. https://www2.ed.gov/about/overview/budget/statetables/index.html
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$871,371,254 |
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222,424 |
Note: Total Expenditure includes all State/Territory, Local, and Federal dollars. In addition to 3 and 4-year-olds, some Pre-kindergarten programs enroll children of other ages.
Source(s): National Institute for Early Education Research. (2023). The 2022 state of preschool yearbook. https://nieer.org/the-state-of-preschool-yearbook-2022
CCDF Subsidy Program Administration
(a) | (b) | (c) | (d) | |
Family Size | 100 % of SMI ($/Month) | 85% of SMI($/Month) [Multiply(a) by 0.85] |
(IF APPLICABLE) ($/Month) Maximum Initial or First Tier Income Limit (or Threshold) if Lower Than 85% of Current SMI | IF APPLICABLE) (% of SMI) [Divide(c) by (a), multiply by 100] Income Level if Lower Than 85% of Current SMI |
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3 | $5,243.00 | $4,457.00 | $3,463.00 | 1% |
Source(s): U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Child Care. (2019). Report 3.1.3 Family Size of 3: Eligible Children and Families - Income Eligibility at Determination. ACF-118 Data Submission Center.
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Yes |
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Not available |
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Not available |
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Not available |
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Not available |
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Not available |
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Not available |
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Described Below |
In accordance with TWC Child Care Services rule §809.14, Boards coordinate with federal, state and local child care and early development programs and representatives of local governments in developing their Board plans and policies for the design and management of the delivery of child care services, and maintain written documentation of coordination efforts. Pursuant to Texas Education Code §29.158, and in a manner consistent with federal law and regulations, Boards coordinate with school districts, Head Start, and Early Head Start program providers to ensure, to the greatest extent practicable, that full-day, full-year child care is available to meet the needs of low income parents who are working or attending a job training or educational program. Additionally, as described in E-606 of the Child Care Services Guide, Boards are encouraged to establish child care authorization procedures that take into account the developmental needs of the child, the child care needs of the parent, and the requirement to ensure proper use of public funds. |
Source(s): U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Child Care. (2019). Reports 3.1.6 and 3.1.6-2: Eligible Children and Families - Approaches Used for Promoting Continuity of Care. ACF-118 Data Submission Center.
Children with Special Needs | |
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Yes |
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Not available |
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Not available |
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Not available |
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Not available |
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Not available |
Not available | |
Families with Very Low Incomes | |
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Yes |
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Yes |
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Yes |
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Not available |
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Not available |
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Not available |
Not available | |
Children Experiencing Homelessness | |
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Yes |
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Not available |
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Yes |
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Not available |
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Not available |
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Not available |
Not available | |
Families Receiving TANF* | |
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Yes |
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Yes |
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Yes |
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Not available |
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Not available |
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Not available |
Not available |
* Includes families receiving TANF program funds, those transitioning off TANF through work activities, or those at risk of becoming dependent on TANF.
Source(s): U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Child Care. (2019). Reports 3.2.2a, 3.2.2b, 3.2.2c, 3.2.2d, 3.2.2a-2, 3.2.2b-2, 3.2.2c-2, and 3.2.2d-2: Increasing Access for Vulnerable Children and Families. ACF-118 Data Submission Center.
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Not available |
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Not available |
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Not available |
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Not available |
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Not available |
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Not available |
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Not available |
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Not available |
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Not available |
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Described Below |
Texas does not use grants or contracts for direct child care services. |
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Not available |
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Not available |
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Not available |
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Not available |
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Not available |
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Not available |
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Not available |
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Not available |
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Not available |
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Described Below |
Texas does not use grants or contracts for direct child care services. |
Age | Center | Percentile of most recent MRS | Family Child Care | Percentile of most recent MRS |
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Infant | $ 32.91/ day | 37th | $ 26.13/ day | 39th |
Toddler | $ 28.31/ day | 33rd | $ 24.91/ day | 26th |
Preschool | $ 23.43/ day | 52nd | $ 18.54/ day | 40th |
School Age | $ 20.76/ day | 56th | $ 15.67/ day | 80th |
Effective date of payment rates: 8/1/2018 | ||||
Market rate survey (MRS) date: 7/1/2017 |
Source(s): U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Child Care. (2019). Report 4.3.1: Setting Payment Rates. ACF-118 Data Submission Center.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Child Care. (2019). Report 4.2.5a: Setting Payment Rates. ACF-118 Data Submission Center.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Child Care. (2019). Report 4.2.5a: Setting Payment Rates. ACF-118 Data Submission Center.
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Yes |
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Yes |
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Yes |
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Yes |
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Yes |
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Not available |
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Not available |
(a) | (b) | (c) | (d) | (e) | (f) | |
Family Size | Lowest “Entry” Income Level Where Family Is First Charged Co-Pay (Greater Than $0) | What Is the Monthly Co-Payment for a Family of This Size Based on the Income Level in (a)? | The Co-Payment in Column (b) is What Percentage of the Income in Column (a)? | Highest “Entry” Income Level Before a Family Is No Longer Eligible | What Is the Monthly Co-Payment for a Family of This Size Based on the Income Level in (d)? | The Co-Payment in Column (e) is What Percentage of the Income in Column (d)? |
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3 | $866.00 | $12.00 | 1.30 | $3,403.00 | $330.00 | 9.50% |
Source(s): U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Child Care. (2019). Report 3.4.1a Family Size of 3: Family Contribution to Payment - CCDF Co-Payments by Family Size. ACF-118 Data Submission Center.
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Not available |
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Not available |
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Yes |
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As described in TWC Child Care Services rule §809.19(a)(D)(2), TWC waives the parent share of cost for parents eligible for:<br /><br />Choices Child Care<br />SNAP E&T Child Care<br />Child Care for a Child Experiencing Homelessness<br />Protective Services Child Care (unless DFPS assesses a fee to the parent)<br /><br />In addition, as described in TWC Child Care Services rule §809.19(f), parents with zero countable income are also not assessed a family copayment. |
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Not available |
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Not available |
Not available |
Source(s): U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Child Care. (2019). Report 3.4.4: Family Contribution to Payment - Family Contribution to Payment. ACF-118 Data Submission Center.
Health and Safety
Age of Children | Child-Staff Ratio | Group Size |
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Infant (11 months) | 4:1 | 10 |
Toddler (35 months) | 11:1 | 22 |
Preschool (59months) | 15:1 | 30 |
School-age (6 years) | 26:1 | 35 |
School-age (10 years and older) | 26:1 | 35 |
If any of the responses above are different for exempt child care centers, describe which requirements apply: | Described Below | |
N/A |
Source(s): National Center on Early Childhood Quality Assurance. (2021). 2020 Child Care Licensing Study: Analysis of child care licensing regulations. [Unpublished data].
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Child Care. (2019). Report 5.2.1a-5_6_7: Standards on ratios, group sizes, and qualifications for CCDF providers.– exempt child care centers. ACF-118 Data Submission Center.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Child Care. (2019). Report 5.2.1a-5_6_7: Standards on ratios, group sizes, and qualifications for CCDF providers.– exempt child care centers. ACF-118 Data Submission Center.
Quality Improvement
Yes/No | CCDF Funds | Other Funds | Other (describe) | |
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Supporting the training and professional development of the child care workforce | Yes | Yes | Not available | Not available |
Developing, maintaining, or implementing early learning and developmental guidelines | Yes | Yes | Not available | Not available |
Developing, implementing, or enhancing a tiered quality rating and improvement system | Yes | Yes | Not available | Not available |
Improving the supply and quality of child care services for infants and toddlers | Yes | Yes | Not available | Not available |
Establishing or expanding a statewide system of CCR&R services | Not available | Not available | Not available | Not available |
Facilitating compliance with state/territory requirements for inspection, monitoring, training, and health and safety standards | Yes | Yes | Not available | Not available |
Evaluating and assessing the quality and effectiveness of child care services within the state/territorys | Yes | Yes | Not available | Not available |
Supporting accreditation | Not available | Not available | Not available | Not available |
Supporting state/territory or local efforts to develop high-quality program standards relating to health, mental health, nutrition, physical activity, and physical development | Yes | Yes | Yes | Not available |
Other activities determined by the state/territory to improve the quality of child care services and which measurement of outcomes related to improved provider preparedness, child safety, child well-being, or kindergarten entry is possible | Yes | Yes | Not available | Not available |
Other (describe) | |
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Supporting the training and professional development of the child care workforce | Not available |
Developing, maintaining, or implementing early learning and developmental guidelines | Not available |
Developing, implementing, or enhancing a tiered quality rating and improvement system | Not available |
Improving the supply and quality of child care services for infants and toddlers | Not available |
Facilitating compliance with state/territory requirements for inspection, monitoring, training, and health and safety standards | Not available |
Evaluating and assessing the quality and effectiveness of child care services within the state/territorys | Not available |
Supporting accreditation | Not available |
Supporting state/territory or local efforts to develop high-quality program standards relating to health, mental health, nutrition, physical activity, and physical development | Not available |
Other activities determined by the state/territory to improve the quality of child care services and which measurement of outcomes related to improved provider preparedness, child safety, child well-being, or kindergarten entry is possible | Not available |
Source(s):
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Child Care. (2019). Reports 7.2.1 and 7.2.1-1: Use of Quality Funds - Supporting the training and professional development of the child care workforce. ACF-118 Data Submission Center.
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Child Care. (2019). Report 7.2.1 and 7.2.1-2: Use of Quality Funds - Developing, maintaining, or implementing early learning and developmental guidelines. ACF-118 Data Submission Center.
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Child Care. (2019). Report 7.2.1 and 7.2.1-3: Use of Quality Funds - Developing, implementing, or enhancing a tiered quality rating and improvement system. ACF-118 Data Submission Center.
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Child Care. (2019). Report 7.2.1 and 7.2.1-4: Use of Quality Funds - Improving the supply and quality of child care services for infants and toddlers. ACF-118 Data Submission Center.
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Child Care. (2019). Report 7.2.1 and 7.2.1-5: Use of Quality Funds - Establishing or expanding a statewide system of CCR&R services. ACF-118 Data Submission Center.
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Child Care. (2019). Report 7.2.1 and 7.2.1-6: Use of Quality Funds - Facilitating compliance with state/territory requirements for inspection, monitoring, training, and health and safety standards. ACF-118 Data Submission Center.
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Child Care. (2019). Report 7.2.1 and 7.2.1-7: Use of Quality Funds - Evaluating and assessing the quality and effectiveness of child care services within the state/territory. ACF-118 Data Submission Center.
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Child Care. (2019). Report 7.2.1 and 7.2.1-8: Use of Quality Funds - Supporting accreditation. ACF-118 Data Submission Center.
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Child Care. (2019). Report 7.2.1 and 7.2.1-9: Use of Quality Funds - Supporting state/territory or local efforts to develop high-quality program standards relating to health, mental health, nutrition, physical activity, and physical development. ACF-118 Data Submission Center.
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Child Care. (2019). Report 7.2.1 and 7.2.1-10: Use of Quality Funds - Other activities determined by the state/territory to improve the quality of child care services and which measurement of outcomes related to improved provider preparedness, child safety, child well-being, or kindergarten entry is possible. ACF-118 Data Submission Center.
Application in other languages (application document, brochures, provider notices) | Yes |
Informational materials in non-English languages | Yes |
Website in non-English languages | Yes |
Lead Agency accepts applications at local community-based locations | Not available |
Bilingual caseworkers or translators available | Not available |
Bilingual outreach workers | Yes |
Partnerships with community-based organizations | Yes |
Other | Not available |
Describe Other: | Not available |
Not available |
Source(s): U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Child Care. (2019). Report 2.1.1-1 and 2.1.1-2: Outreach to Families with Limited English Proficiency - Strategies the Lead Agency or partners utilize to provide outreach and services to eligible families for whom English is not their first language. ACF-118 Data Submission Center.
Applications and public informational materials available in Braille and other communication formats for access by individuals with disabilities | Yes |
Websites that are accessible (e.g., Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act) | Yes |
Caseworkers with specialized training/experience in working with individuals with disabilities | Yes |
Ensuring accessibility of environments and activities for all children | Not available |
Partnerships with state and local programs and associations focused on disability-related topics and issues | Yes |
Partnerships with parent associations, support groups, and parent-to-parent support groups, including the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) federally funded Parent Training and Information Centers | Not available |
Partnerships with state and local IDEA Part B, Section 619 and Part C providers and agencies | Yes |
Availability and/or access to specialized services (e.g., mental health, behavioral specialists, therapists) to address the needs of all children | Not available |
Other | Yes |
Describe Other: | Described Below |
TWC is the lead agency for Vocational Rehabilitation services in Texas. |
Source(s): U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Child Care. (2019). Report 2.1.2-1 and 2.1.2-2: Outreach to Families with Limited English Proficiency - Strategies the Lead Agency or partners utilize to provide outreach and services to eligible families with a person(s) with a disability. ACF-118 Data Submission Center.
How the Lead Agency ensures that its website is consumer-friendly and easily accessible | The Child Care Licensing consumer education website is in transition from the DFPS website to the HHS website, with all consumer content expected to be published on November 16, 2018. All consumer services HHS provides can be found under the Services tab on the HHS main page. The Child Care page will be a subpage under the Safety subtab. The consumer content is separated topically and given an appropriate page name to ease navigation and also contains FAQs with easy-to-read questions and answers that use simple terms and avoid industry jargon as much as possible. The HHS website adheres to all 504 accessibility requirements. Child Care Licensing also maintains a website that allows users to search for child care providers and a 36-month history of violations for each provider. The website is user-friendly by allowing the user to search by a variety of criteria, including provider type (Licensed Child Care Centers, Licensed Child Care Homes, Registered Child Care Homes, and Listed Family Homes). The website also allows users to search by county, multiple zip codes, age groups served, and services provided. The website presents the compliance history for the past 36 months and includes the number of minimum standards evaluated during the period, a brief description of each deficiency cited, and the risk level of each minimum standard cited (risk levels include high, medium high, medium, medium low, and low). Additionally, the Texas Child Care Solutions website is organized to allow each audience to easily find information by topic: quality child care, financial assistance, child development, and information for providers. The content on the Texas Child Care Solutions website is also tested against the Flesch-Kincaid reading scale to ensure readability for the broadest audience. |
How the website ensures the widest possible access to services for families that speak languages other than English | The Texas Child Care Solutions website is available in both Spanish and Vietnamese, the second and third most common languages spoken in Texas. The child care consumer information available on the CCL website will translated into Spanish once the content migrates to the HHSC website (from DFPS’s site). The translation is targeted for completion in November 2018. However, inspection results will not be translated at this time because the content is dynamically generated; translation will require additional technical resources and effort. |
How the website ensures the widest possible access to services for persons with disabilities | All TWC web content is required to meet industry-accepted accessibility standards that allow individuals with disabilities, such as visual impairments, to access information. The Texas Child Care Solutions website was built using WordPress. WordPress templates and design standards adhere to the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0 and comply with Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act. All CCL web content except for inspection results meets accessibility standards. As described above, the inspection results are dynamically generated; ensuring accessibility of the content will require additional technical resources and effort. HHSC has a dedicated accessibility department that works with all new computer systems to ensure the widest possible access to person with disabilities. All new systems use the WCAG 2.0 and specialized accessibility testing occurs during the development lifecycle. However legacy applications with outdated technologies have proven difficult and costly to bring up to standards as a standalone effort. There is an opportunity, subject to Legislative funding, where this site would be replaced at which point it would be in compliance. HHSC has a dedicated accessibility department that works with all new computer systems to ensure the widest possible access to person with disabilities. All new system use the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0 and specialized accessibility testing occurs during the development lifecycle. However legacy applications with outdated technologies have proven difficult and costly to bring up to standards as a standalone effort. There is an opportunity, subject to Legislative funding, where this site would be replaced at which point it would be in compliance. |
Source(s): U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Child Care. (2019). Report 2.3.1, 2.3.1, and 2.3.3: Consumer Education Website. ACF-118 Data Submission Center.