The Child Care and Development Fund (CCDF) program is the largest federal funding source for child care, with an investment of $8.1 billion in fiscal year 2019. The Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) block grant also directs funding to the care of children, either directly or through a transfer of some of its funds to CCDF.  This brief explores ways that TANF can be used to subsidize the care of eligible school-age children and support Out-of-School Time (OST) program initiatives.